Protect Your Water Storage Tanks From Corrosion
Written by craig braddick

Protect Your Water Storage Tanks From Corrosion

If you’re searching for how to “Protect Your Water Storage Tanks From Corrosion“, outdoor water tank coatings, or “Water Tank Rust Treatment” you are probably searching for a company to help protect your water storage tanks. All Kote Lining Inc. helps protect all varieties of storage tanks from corrosion. This article is designed to help you understand the need for this service and also how that service is carried out. If you have any questions please feel free to call 480-966-4446.

Outdoor Water Tank Corrosion Control

Ground level and elevated water storage tanks are the main part of most water distribution systems. Not only will these vessels help to ensure that there is enough hydrostatic pressure as well as plenty of clean drinking water, but have also been landmarks for many places. Although, if they are not maintained properly, they may become a liability because of corrosion caused service interruptions and leaks.

Nowadays, the newer high performance waterborne as well as high solids coating systems are there to help combat corrosion on water storage tanks. Additionally, being able to meet VOC regulations, these eco-friendly coatings have offered applications and finish quality type of advantages over the traditional counterparts. They have formed a strong bond to the steel substrates on the newer tanks have provided better adhesion to already existing coatings on older tanks and will be compatible with protection.

By being able to know about what causes the corrosion and the characteristics of high solids and waterborne coatings, an effective and economical tank maintenance program will be able to made and then carried out.

Destructive Forces on Above Ground Tanks

All water storage tanks are susceptible to a corrosion attack. Selecting the right water tank or cooling tower coating for being able to maintain water storage tanks simply by assessing the corrosive variables that are outside and inside the structure.

Corrosion is a natural thing that has been based on the laws of chemistry, electricity, and metallurgy. The process of refining and smelting steel and iron ore are used in water tanks, then energy is added. This causes an imbalance of energy and nature works to fix this by releasing back the energy as electrons, which cause the metal to rust, or corrode and return as a form of iron oxide.

Corrosion Prevention Coatings

The exterior of the tank and the coatings are accepted as a protection method. The main function of the coating is to make a barrier that prevents moisture and chemical compounds from touching the substrate. Although the electrolyte isn’t always around in this area, ensuring that you are preventing water ingress is vital for protection. Additionally, the coating needs to have good adhesion and abrasion as well as chemical resistant properties and the ability to deal with UV radiation.

Inside of the water tank, the corrosion control approach will be different. A strong electrolyte is formed by stored water that creates a type of vehicle for ion transfers as well as current flow in the steels micro-structure. Although, coatings may be used to interrupt this type of process and help to prevent corrosion. When there is a high dielectric strength, the coating will restrict the electron passage and then prevents metal from having the solution at the anode. If electrons aren’t able to travel to cathode, the corrosion process will be stopped.

New Coating Systems

With the enactment of certain regulations that limit VOC emissions on coatings, there have been a whole new breed of protective coatings that have been made available. The new systems contain urethanes, waterborne epoxies, acrylics, high solid and mastics epoxies. Some of these coatings are better for new tanks, while others are best for existing finishes.

So, are the coatings as good as traditional solvents? Yes. Because most of the coatings are now on the market. New polymers as well as additives that make up the coatings will allow for better application environments as well as improved looks. The main key is to achieve effective control of corrosion by using certain coating systems that have the right properties for the specific tank conditions.

Exterior coatings

Polymers that have been based on acrylic chemistry have managed to prove advantages for application. These have included durability, resistance to UV light, and flexibility. Additionally, comonomers such as acrylonitrile, styrene, and acrylic coatings that have offered superior corrosion and chemical resistance. Additionally, they do possess excellent characteristics for looks because of flow properties of liquid systems without high solvent content. Acrylics can be used as a top coat or primer on the exterior of the tank and can be an attractive alternative to polyurethane and alkyd finishes.

Waterborne epoxies

These epoxies will give the convenience of water based coatings that have performance based qualities of the solvent based system. There is a crosslinking of waterborne polymers that have monomers that have carboxyl or hydroxyl groups, and the coatings will form a dense, tight, film for better corrosion protection and adhesion. They are very acidic, moisture and alkali resistant, and are able to handle abrasion. Waterborne epoxies will dry quickly to stop wash off because old dew or rain. Additionally, adding sodium nitrite will let the epoxies be resistant to flash rusting or early rusting.

High solid epoxy mastics

These offer high degrees of salt, moisture, chemical, and acid resistance which make it a good barrier coating for tanks. This is because they are compatible with intact, old paint films and provide adhesion for marginally, dry prepared substrates that requires very little surface prep. Normally, the coatings will be applied to a prior coated tank as a primer. For those tanks that have lead based alkyd finishes, these coatings give a great base coat that will prevent lifting for a good over-coating of lead particles.

High solid polyurethanes

For a lot of years, lead based alkyds were a very popular coating for the exterior of water tanks. After lead based paints were banned, polyurethane became the choice coating. Now that there are limits for VOC emissions, the high solid polyurethane has become a very widely used coating product. This can be because of their versatility.

Immersion Service Coatings – High Solid Epoxies

There are some coating types that will meet extraction test and toxicological test requirements of the NSF/ANSI standard 61 and long term corrosion protection needs of water tanks. Epoxies and vinyl’s, only the high solid epoxy has been formulated to hit the right limit for VOC emission levels. Because of this, the high solid epoxy has been used for most immersion service applications on storage tanks.

The blistering of the protective coating is a failure of immersion services. When you are lining a blister, the ability to provide corrosion resistance is diminished. If the protection isn’t monitored right, voltage levels can exceed what is needed for polarization. This will cause high levels of hydroxyl ions to form under the paint. This causes the blistering and delamination’s.

Comprehensive Tank Maintenance

Whenever the EPA declared war on pollutants, the water industry feared that the eco-friendly alternative coating systems wouldn’t help with corrosion. This misconception was put to rest with the new high solids and waterborne coating systems. These systems provide protection against corrosion and other benefits. When you examine the properties of the coatings and find the right product for applications, water authorities will be able to create effective and economical tank maintenance programs.

Phoenix Water Tank Maintenance & Coatings

All Kote Lining Inc. offers water tank coatings along with a variety of other chemical storage tank services. We can help with all of your storage tank needs in the Phoenix area with preventative tank maintenance and repair when necessary. We strive to use the best coatings in the business to extend the life of your tanks, save you money, and help preserve the tanks integrity to help protect the environment.

What Is A Secondary Containment System?
Written by craig braddick

What Is A Secondary Containment System?

What is secondary containment? Why do companies install them?  The EPA states that in industries where chemicals, oils, and other hazardous materials exist, that there must be a secondary containment system in case of a leak or spill.

Types Of Secondary Containment

Secondary containment is a critical part of business and meeting state and federal requirements for environmental protection.  This is especially true in industries that handle oil, chemicals, or other hazardous materials. The following are 3 types of secondary containment systems.

Concrete Storage Containment

The addition of standalone concrete secondary containment systems is an excellent option for spill mitigation, if facilities are large enough to accommodate them. These concrete secondary containment systems must also be coated to contain without leaks or spilling along with enough readily available spill kits on hand for hazardous materials. Ensure that the concrete coatings you have installed in on your concrete secondary containment system are rated for the oils, chemicals, or other hazardous materials your company uses.

Wall & Floor Containment

The walls and floor can also be sealed with coatings that will prevent cross contamination or seepage with the other chemicals or substances in the industrial facility.  In this method a system of berms must also be installed to help effectively contain any potential spill.

Storage Container Containment

Secondary containment must be able to accommodate systems must be designed and maintained such that they would be able to hold the entire contents in the event of a spill.  Secondary storage systems are allowed in some industries as storage containers that are held off the floor on top of pallets.

Secondary Containment Epoxy Coatings

The primary function of a secondary containment system is to prevent the oil, chemicals or hazardous materials used in industrial locations from harming the environment.  This also helps companies avoid severe fines from the EPA from not maintaining containment standards.  Read more about how epoxy coatings are inspected, replaced, and help your secondary containment structures be ready in the event of a leak or spill.

Preparation & Inspection

In preparation for your secondary containment system to be coated your coating specialist will assess the flooring and walls condition.  It is important to catch any fissures, cracks, or seams where the hazardous contents could spill and them seep into the substrate.

Pre-existing Coatings

In the case that the facility already has previous coatings they will be checked and tested to ensure they are sill impermeable and will be able to withstand a chemical or oil leak. Existing coatings or sealants may need to be removed and replaced to ensure proper secondary containment standards.

Coating Replacement

Grinding or shot blasting may be recommended by your flooring and sealant specialist to remove ineffective coatings.  Your secondary containment system is expected to be able to handle the type of chemicals your location handles and do so for at least 72 hours.

Spill Containment & Remediation

In the event that you do have a spill remediation work will be carried out and after a system of berms will help contain and separate the spill or leaks.  This helps you manage your situation better and avoid harm or contamination in the rest of the facility.

Phoenix Valley Secondary Containment System Coatings

If you are looking for a company to help you inspect, repair, or replace your secondary containment system epoxy coatings, All Kote Lining, Inc. is your Phoenix Valley solution. Our team understands the needs of companies that have storage tanks used for industrial production and cooling towers.  No matter what the need our high quality, chemical resistant, and durable epoxy coatings will extend the life of your industrial facilities and help ensure that your secondary containment systems are up to par and will be ready in case you have a chemical leak or spill. For more information about how we can help you please call 480-966-4446.

Written by craig braddick

How FRP Linings Are Applied To Steel Tanks

There are two methods by which FRP tank lining systems can be applied. There is hand lay-up and spray-up methods to install the FRP lining. Before either type of coating can be applied sand blasting has to be done to remove any debris or corrosion. This provides a clean and rough surface for the primer to be applied on. Adhesion of either system is dependent upon having that rough and primed surface.

Spray-Up Method

Glass-chopper guns are used to apply the spray-up FRP linings. The glass-chopper gun mixes to glass roving and resin components at the time of being sprayed. Dual head glass-chopper guns allow very rapid rates of depositing the coating. The average thickness of the resin at the tank bottoms are typically a quarter inch when the spray-up method is used.

Hand Lay-Up Method

While the spray-up method is quicker the hand lay-up method is the preferred method of consistency. This method produces a more consistent, and uniform layer of coating. The quality of the hand lay-up method does take more time, requires more labor, and longer time for the resin gel to dry.  While being more labor intensive this method does take less skill to apply.

To apply the lining using the hand lay-up method a heavy layer of resin is applied with brushes, rollers, or it is sprayed on. The next step is applying the glass mat to the wet resin and ensuring it is fully saturated with the resin to make sure adhesion is strong. Lastly a seal coat is applied on top of the resin and glass mat. This is only done after the resin saturated material has gelled.

FRP Lining Application Approach

Quality FRP tank coatings rely on how the lining is applied. The standardized approach for applying an FRP hand lay-up tank coating has 5 distinct phases that must be followed.

Prepare The Surface

Organic contaminants build up in steel storage tanks and must be removed. Following this the internal surfaces must be blasted with abrasive materials to prepare the inside of the tank for the primer and resin.

Applying The Primer

Immediately after the blasting is complete the dry film polyamide-cured epoxy primer is applied at a thickness of 1 to 3 mils. It is applied to prevent any contamination of the bare metal surface and to “hold” the tank in condition for the resin phase. Sharp angles in the tank, especially those at the bottom are filled in with a putty type material which includes the fibers and fillers. This putty material should of the same compound as the resin you will use for the tank to ensure proper adhesion. Any deeply pitted tanks should be resurfaced with the same fill material to create a smooth bottom.

Resin Application & Fiberglass Reinforcement

Resin is applied in a heavy layer by brush, sprayer, or roller. While the resin is still wet the fiberglass mat is laid into it and full saturation should be ensured.

The dry film thickness is decided by the full extent of the carrions on the bottom of the tank, and the source of the corrosion. Internal corrosion is controlled by a film thickness of 60 to 80 mils to help protect the bottom of the tank from internal corrosion. The exterior of the tank requires a thicker coating and will end up needing a film layer starting at 80 miles and going up to 120 mils. This helps protect the tank from the external corrosive forces.

Final Coating

A finish coat that is a resin rich layer of polyester resin is applied as the seal coat. This process helps prevent capillary action which causes wicking along the partially exposed glass fibers that stick out of the resin. Paraffin wax aids in the curing process and is added to the base resin that helps produce this seal coat.

Final Inspection

Before the tank is passed for use again an inspection should be carried out to ensure that the FRP lining has been successfully installed. A magnetic dry film tester is used to check the thickness of the dry film. Before the seal coat is applied the thickness of the bottom of the tank should be inspected with a high voltage holiday detector.


Steel Tank FRP Linings In Phoenix

If you have steel storage tanks in the Phoenix area that need to have new fiberglass tank coatings installed All Kote Lining is highly skilled, has the right techniques and is dedicated to getting the job done right quickly and the first time. Give us a call at 480-966-4446 and we can help you will your tank coating needs.

Written by webtechs

FRP Storage Tank Linings VS Replacing Steel Tank Bottoms?

 

Are you searching for “FRP Storage Tank Linings VS Replacing Steel Tank Bottoms?” If so you are probably trying to decide if it is better to get a linking, or replace the bottom of your steel tank.  There are a lot of chemicals that can be really corrosive to any above ground metal storage tanks, which can result in a leak. The normal corrosion rate for many carbon-steel storage tanks in certain temperatures is more than 1 mil per year, with a leak happening in less than 5 years. These leaks will often result in costs for environmental penalties and tank repair.

Tank corrosion can also increase whenever there is a layer of water that is containing soluble chlorides and salts that settle at the bottom. These compounds are considered highly corrosive to begin with, but they can also generate strong electrolytes that will cause corrosion from within. There can also be an issue with external tank corrosion too. The bottoms of above ground storage tanks are quite susceptible to various types of corrosion, especially if the tanks are subjected to stray electrical currents in soil or are close to salt water.

If the above ground tank bottom is corroding, it will need to be coated with a thick film FRP or fiberglass reinforced plastic that has about a 65 mil dry film thickness or be replaced. Since replacing the tank bottom can be time consuming and expensive, FRP linings have really become a popular solution for tank bottom repair.

FRP Lining For A Water Tank

FRP linings are great options for water tanks and other chemical storage needs.  They are more corrosion and heat resistant than other options for tank lining.  The polymer used to make FRP linings is what gives this tank lining product superior heat and corrosion performance.  In addition fiberglass fibers add to it’s strength and durability.  This combination of durability makes FRP linings a favorite for water tanks, especially in areas with extreme conditions such as snow, ice, and use of salt.  With lifespans of up to about 20 years companies and communities can choose FRP linings with confidence that they will last and protect water tanks.

Steel Tank FRP Linings

Steel tanks are common storage and flow containers which need to be protected from corrosion.  FRP epoxy lining systems are perfect for pitted steel storage tanks.  The interior of the tank on all surfaces can be coated with an FRP lining. It is used on steel tank floors, walls, and ceilings to provide a complete solution for corrosion. These linings also provide structural support while extending the life of the tanks from chemical attacks, high heat, and abrasion.   These coatings are applied to be a thick lining which is high performance and provides many years of reliable use.

Learn about: How FRP linings are applied to steel tanks

FRP Lining Installation

This recent trend has a lot of places shifting away from just replacing the tank bottom and moving towards the FRP lining system. Installing the lining system means that you have to apply primer, putty, a catalyzed resin that has a glass mat and then a seal coat. The tank has to be dry and the surface must be fully prepared. The whole process is a lot quicker and less costly than replacing the tank bottom.

The FRP lining is considered to be a secondary bottom that is bonded tightly to the storage tank. Whenever it is properly applied, it will prevent any leakage because of internal corrosion for about 20 years. If the supporting steel bottom becomes perforated, the lining will help to minimize the issue of exterior corrosion by giving it strength to bridge the small perforation. Even if there is severe corrosion on the outside, it may be possible to apply a double layer for a thickness of around 120 mil. A lining that is less than 20 mil when dry will not be able to protect against leakage. It is recommended at that for new tanks that have no underside corrosion or pitting.

FRP Development

Introduced in the 1950s, FPR laminates were made from orthophthalic polyesters that would bridge gaps caused by corrosion and were thought to protect from internal corrosion. Although in the 1960s, it was found that isophthalic polyester resin was better to withstand corrosion. Vinyl ester resin was founded in mid-1960s and performed great, but it was so expensive that it was only used when high performance was needed. Now, FRP linings are made of epoxy novolacin vinyl ester.

Just like with any repair, FPR linings will have its disadvantages and advantages.

Advantages

  • For most installations, FRP linings will have a 35+ year service history.
  • FRP linings are less expensive than replacing a steel tank bottom.
  • FRP linings are quickly installed, minimize down time, and work better than replacing the bottom of the tank.
  • FRP linings that have vinyl ester resin can resist various corrosive things at high temperatures.
  • FRP linings can bridge a hole up to 8 inches in diameter and a double laminate can withstand 82psi while single laminates can handle 37psi.

Disadvantages

  • Cyclic loading could affect the ability of FRP Linings to bridge a clear, large opening, the extent of effect hasn’t been known yet.
  • Whenever a pigmented gel coat is used, you cannot see the bottom to find the extent of the corrosion. Although, new technology and high power magnets can now scan laminates to find information about the corrosion.
  • The applicator must be aware of the installation procedures and the importance of contaminant free substrates before applying.

Standing Up to Pressure

There haven’t been a lot of articles about FRP laminates that talk about the pros and cons of being used instead of replacing a steel tank bottom. There was a case that describe a 211ft diameter tank that had FPR laminate installed in 1985. During 1995 a leak started in the sump area which was caused by bottom side corrosion. 2 holes had been created, each about a foot wide. Although, it was determined that the FPR lining didn’t fail. It was the lining that was actually containing the contents of the tank and it did until hydraulic pressure caused it to bust.

Now you may be asking just how much pressure can the lining stand? A physical pressure test was done in a water filled chamber that would let steam be pumped into a pipe loop until it hit 140 degrees. 8 plates of 12* ¥ 11/2* ¥ 4* steel were made with a set of holes cut in the middle of the plates to represent corrosion. The holes ranged in diameter and were filled with melted wax and isophthalic polyester laminate on top. Just a single laminate was used on 1 set of the plates while double laminates on the other. A deflection gauge was installed on the bottom to measure the deflection amount.

Although there were some failures on one of the plates at 28psi for single laminate and 66psi on double laminate, this was caused by mistakes in the steel fabrication.  None of the edges had been radius, the laminates were shoved into the holes, which caused it to fail.

A new test was done and 4 new plates were made that had edges. 2 were done with single laminates and the other were with double laminates. The single laminates did better in the second test with 37psi before the laminate went through the hole. While the double laminate held until 82psi.

According to the tests, it is assumed that bottom side corrosion won’t happen with sharp edges and that it will be gradual, so it is assumed that FRP linings will contain the contents of the storage tank where the internal pressure doesn’t exceed 37psi for single and 82psi for double. Since 22psi happens to be a typical internal pressure, it would seem that FRP linings will offer a margin of safety for internal hydraulic pressure.

Conclusion

An important alternative to having to replace a steel tank bottom is the Thick film FRP lining system which will mitigate external and internal corrosion. Based on the applications over the years, it would a proven history of being successful. While using FRP lining systems have their disadvantages and advantages, one main advantage is the test results that have measured the performance under hydraulic pressure.

Phoenix Tank Lining Company

If you are looking for the highest quality tank linings for your FRP and steel tanks in the Phoenix metro area All Kote Lining, Inc. can handle all of your needs. We take care of linings and tank restorations for companies both big and small and no job is too large or little. We are punctual, professional, and provide the highest quality tank linings available. If you have tanks that have some damage, need regular maintenance, or need an overhaul call All Kote Lining today for service by calling 480-966-4446.

Written by webtechs

FRP Linings for Storage Tanks Repairs

If you are responsible for an organization that uses storage tanks, corrosion is one of your concerns.  This post takes a look at how FRP linings for storage tank repairs save companies and municipalities significant money over replacing storage tank bottoms. Above ground storage tanks are notoriously corrosive which leads to leaks.  In fact the rate of corrosion at ambient temperatures in carbon steel is more than 1 mil every year.  That means that your new storage tank could leak in as little as 5 years.  Not only do leaks lead to costly repairs but can also lead to penalties for harming the environment.

Corrosion is accelerated when later rich in chlorides and soul be salts lay at the bottom of these storage tanks.  In addition to being highly corrosive on their own these elements can result in a strong electrolyte that causes corrosion to accelerate even more.  The exterior of storage tanks are also under attack from corrosion.  This is especially true for places which have stray electrical currents in the ground or are close to salt water or snow removal including salt.

As above ground tanks corrode they must either be repaired using FRP linings, the bottom repaired, or the entire tank replaced.  FRP linings or coatings are a much more cost-effective option for corroding storage tanks.  Generally, when they are used in highly corrosive environments the thickness should be no less than 60 mils.

Installing FRP Linings

For municipalities and industrial locations using above ground storage tanks the trend has been stepping away from replacing the storage tank bottoms and instead installing FRP linings.  The process of installing an FRP lining is cheaper and faster than completely replacing the tank bottom.  To install an FRP tank lining the tank must be empty, dry, primed, puttied, and include a catalyzed resin with a glass mat.  Lastly the system is finished with a sealcoat.

Thick FRP Lining Lifespan

When the correct FRP lining is selected and installed correctly it will act as a secondary bottom for the storage tank.  It is tightly bonded and will prevent leaks caused by internal corrosion for up to 20 years.  In the case that the storage tank has perforations the lining can assist in bridging these small areas and help prevent leaking.  Exterior corrosion is a concern but can be avoided by even thicker coatings of FRP  coatings.  When the thickness is increased to 120 mils an FRP lining on the inside can prevent even advanced corrosion on the exterior of the storage tank.

FRP Lining Pros & Cons

Every system is going to have pros and cons.  FRP linings are widely used as they are durable and cost effective but you should know all of the characteristics before deciding on any course of action.

FRP Lining Pros

  • FRP linings offer great budget savings compared to replacing the bottom of the tank.
  • FRP linings have great lifespan and can last longer than 30 years.
  • FRP lining installation is faster so you won’t experience as much downtime.
  • FRP linings are strong and can bridge 8” holes and over 80 psi with double laminates.

FRP Lining Cons

  • Preparation is key and installers must be highly trained to complete the installation correctly.
  • If pigmentation is used ascertaining the condition of the storage tank bottom is problematic.
  • Potential weakness for cyclic loading which needs further research.

Hydraulic Pressure & FRP Linings

FRP linings are designed to protect and reinforce storage tanks.  They are not however designed specifically to withstand high pressure which is common in hydraulic pressure systems. In one installation FRP lining was installed and after 10 years the tank sprung a leak.  It was found that the leak was caused by bottom side corrosion.  While this is the area that the FRP lining was installed to protect it was found that the FRP was not at fault.  In fact the two holes were both about a foot in width and the only thing that had held the tank together was the FRP lining.

What Is The Pressure Limit for FRP Linings?

Studies have shown that with average temperatures common in tanks that the FRP linings will over 37 psi of strength at a single laminate thickness.  However when you double the laminate thickness the coating will withstand up to 82 psi.  As the average internal tank pressure is about 20 psi it can safely be said that FRP linins are up to the job even if hydraulic pressure is present.

Phoenix Valley FRP Lining Installation

If you are searching for a company that does FRP linings in storage tanks, All Kote Lining Inc. has all your needs covered.  We proudly install FRP linings in any size tank for both public works, industrial facilities, and other locations that have storage tank needs.  To find out how we can save you money on repairs for your storage tanks with FRP linings, please call

Written by webtechs

Protect Your Water Storage Tanks From Corrosion

If you’re searching for how to “Protect Your Water Storage Tanks From Corrosion“, outdoor water tank coatings, or “Water Tank Rust Treatment” you are probably searching for a company to help protect your water storage tanks. All Kote Lining Inc. helps protect all varieties of storage tanks from corrosion. This article is designed to help you understand the need for this service and also how that service is carried out. If you have any questions please feel free to call 480-966-4446.

Outdoor Water Tank Corrosion Control

Ground level and elevated water storage tanks are the main part of most water distribution systems. Not only will these vessels help to ensure that there is enough hydrostatic pressure as well as plenty of clean drinking water, but have also been landmarks for many places. Although, if they are not maintained properly, they may become a liability because of corrosion caused service interruptions and leaks.

Nowadays, the newer high performance waterborne as well as high solids coating systems are there to help combat corrosion on water storage tanks. Additionally, being able to meet VOC regulations, these eco-friendly coatings have offered applications and finish quality type of advantages over the traditional counterparts. They have formed a strong bond to the steel substrates on the newer tanks have provided better adhesion to already existing coatings on older tanks and will be compatible with protection.

By being able to know about what causes the corrosion and the characteristics of high solids and waterborne coatings, an effective and economical tank maintenance program will be able to made and then carried out.

Destructive Forces on Above Ground Tanks

All water storage tanks are susceptible to a corrosion attack. Selecting the right water tank or cooling tower coating for being able to maintain water storage tanks simply by assessing the corrosive variables that are outside and inside the structure.

Corrosion is a natural thing that has been based on the laws of chemistry, electricity, and metallurgy. The process of refining and smelting steel and iron ore are used in water tanks, then energy is added. This causes an imbalance of energy and nature works to fix this by releasing back the energy as electrons, which cause the metal to rust, or corrode and return as a form of iron oxide.

Corrosion Prevention Coatings

The exterior of the tank and the coatings are accepted as a protection method. The main function of the coating is to make a barrier that prevents moisture and chemical compounds from touching the substrate. Although the electrolyte isn’t always around in this area, ensuring that you are preventing water ingress is vital for protection. Additionally, the coating needs to have good adhesion and abrasion as well as chemical resistant properties and the ability to deal with UV radiation.

Inside of the water tank, the corrosion control approach will be different. A strong electrolyte is formed by stored water that creates a type of vehicle for ion transfers as well as current flow in the steels micro-structure. Although, coatings may be used to interrupt this type of process and help to prevent corrosion. When there is a high dielectric strength, the coating will restrict the electron passage and then prevents metal from having the solution at the anode. If electrons aren’t able to travel to cathode, the corrosion process will be stopped.

New Coating Systems

With the enactment of certain regulations that limit VOC emissions on coatings, there have been a whole new breed of protective coatings that have been made available. The new systems contain urethanes, waterborne epoxies, acrylics, high solid and mastics epoxies. Some of these coatings are better for new tanks, while others are best for existing finishes.

So, are the coatings as good as traditional solvents? Yes. Because most of the coatings are now on the market. New polymers as well as additives that make up the coatings will allow for better application environments as well as improved looks. The main key is to achieve effective control of corrosion by using certain coating systems that have the right properties for the specific tank conditions.

Exterior coatings

Polymers that have been based on acrylic chemistry have managed to prove advantages for application. These have included durability, resistance to UV light, and flexibility. Additionally, comonomers such as acrylonitrile, styrene, and acrylic coatings that have offered superior corrosion and chemical resistance. Additionally, they do possess excellent characteristics for looks because of flow properties of liquid systems without high solvent content. Acrylics can be used as a top coat or primer on the exterior of the tank and can be an attractive alternative to polyurethane and alkyd finishes.

Waterborne epoxies

These epoxies will give the convenience of water based coatings that have performance based qualities of the solvent based system. There is a crosslinking of waterborne polymers that have monomers that have carboxyl or hydroxyl groups, and the coatings will form a dense, tight, film for better corrosion protection and adhesion. They are very acidic, moisture and alkali resistant, and are able to handle abrasion. Waterborne epoxies will dry quickly to stop wash off because old dew or rain. Additionally, adding sodium nitrite will let the epoxies be resistant to flash rusting or early rusting.

High solid epoxy mastics

These offer high degrees of salt, moisture, chemical, and acid resistance which make it a good barrier coating for tanks. This is because they are compatible with intact, old paint films and provide adhesion for marginally, dry prepared substrates that requires very little surface prep. Normally, the coatings will be applied to a prior coated tank as a primer. For those tanks that have lead based alkyd finishes, these coatings give a great base coat that will prevent lifting for a good over-coating of lead particles.

High solid polyurethanes

For a lot of years, lead based alkyds were a very popular coating for the exterior of water tanks. After lead based paints were banned, polyurethane became the choice coating. Now that there are limits for VOC emissions, the high solid polyurethane has become a very widely used coating product. This can be because of their versatility.

Immersion Service Coatings – High Solid Epoxies

There are some coating types that will meet extraction test and toxicological test requirements of the NSF/ANSI standard 61 and long term corrosion protection needs of water tanks. Epoxies and vinyl’s, only the high solid epoxy has been formulated to hit the right limit for VOC emission levels. Because of this, the high solid epoxy has been used for most immersion service applications on storage tanks.

The blistering of the protective coating is a failure of immersion services. When you are lining a blister, the ability to provide corrosion resistance is diminished. If the protection isn’t monitored right, voltage levels can exceed what is needed for polarization. This will cause high levels of hydroxyl ions to form under the paint. This causes the blistering and delamination’s.

Comprehensive Tank Maintenance

Whenever the EPA declared war on pollutants, the water industry feared that the eco-friendly alternative coating systems wouldn’t help with corrosion. This misconception was put to rest with the new high solids and waterborne coating systems. These systems provide protection against corrosion and other benefits. When you examine the properties of the coatings and find the right product for applications, water authorities will be able to create effective and economical tank maintenance programs.

Phoenix Water Tank Maintenance & Coatings

All Kote Lining Inc. offers water tank coatings along with a variety of other chemical storage tank services. We can help with all of your storage tank needs in the Phoenix area with preventative tank maintenance and repair when necessary. We strive to use the best coatings in the business to extend the life of your tanks, save you money, and help preserve the tanks integrity to help protect the environment.

Written by webtechs

What Is A Secondary Containment System?

What is secondary containment? Why do companies install them?  The EPA states that in industries where chemicals, oils, and other hazardous materials exist, that there must be a secondary containment system in case of a leak or spill.

Types Of Secondary Containment

Secondary containment is a critical part of business and meeting state and federal requirements for environmental protection.  This is especially true in industries that handle oil, chemicals, or other hazardous materials. The following are 3 types of secondary containment systems.

Concrete Storage Containment

The addition of standalone concrete secondary containment systems is an excellent option for spill mitigation, if facilities are large enough to accommodate them. These concrete secondary containment systems must also be coated to contain without leaks or spilling along with enough readily available spill kits on hand for hazardous materials. Ensure that the concrete coatings you have installed in on your concrete secondary containment system are rated for the oils, chemicals, or other hazardous materials your company uses.

Wall & Floor Containment

The walls and floor can also be sealed with coatings that will prevent cross contamination or seepage with the other chemicals or substances in the industrial facility.  In this method a system of berms must also be installed to help effectively contain any potential spill.

Storage Container Containment

Secondary containment must be able to accommodate systems must be designed and maintained such that they would be able to hold the entire contents in the event of a spill.  Secondary storage systems are allowed in some industries as storage containers that are held off the floor on top of pallets.

Secondary Containment Epoxy Coatings

The primary function of a secondary containment system is to prevent the oil, chemicals or hazardous materials used in industrial locations from harming the environment.  This also helps companies avoid severe fines from the EPA from not maintaining containment standards.  Read more about how epoxy coatings are inspected, replaced, and help your secondary containment structures be ready in the event of a leak or spill.

Preparation & Inspection

In preparation for your secondary containment system to be coated your coating specialist will assess the flooring and walls condition.  It is important to catch any fissures, cracks, or seams where the hazardous contents could spill and them seep into the substrate.

Pre-existing Coatings

In the case that the facility already has previous coatings they will be checked and tested to ensure they are sill impermeable and will be able to withstand a chemical or oil leak. Existing coatings or sealants may need to be removed and replaced to ensure proper secondary containment standards.

Coating Replacement

Grinding or shot blasting may be recommended by your flooring and sealant specialist to remove ineffective coatings.  Your secondary containment system is expected to be able to handle the type of chemicals your location handles and do so for at least 72 hours.

Spill Containment & Remediation

In the event that you do have a spill remediation work will be carried out and after a system of berms will help contain and separate the spill or leaks.  This helps you manage your situation better and avoid harm or contamination in the rest of the facility.

Phoenix Valley Secondary Containment System Coatings

If you are looking for a company to help you inspect, repair, or replace your secondary containment system epoxy coatings, All Kote Lining, Inc. is your Phoenix Valley solution. Our team understands the needs of companies that have storage tanks used for industrial production and cooling towers.  No matter what the need our high quality, chemical resistant, and durable epoxy coatings will extend the life of your industrial facilities and help ensure that your secondary containment systems are up to par and will be ready in case you have a chemical leak or spill. For more information about how we can help you please call 480-966-4446.

Written by webtechs

Waterproofing Concrete Water Tanks

 

Water reservoirs, damns, wastewater treatment plants, and drinking water facilities are vital to the public works of communities. When the concrete is in bad condition and water leaks it can mean that the structure allows contaminants out of or into the storage.  The contaminants can ruin water supplies and significantly impact communities.

Leaks & Contamination

Municipal or private water supplies can be contaminated through the migration of waterborne chemicals. When wastewater structures leak it can impact the environment and are especially hard to find if they are in the base of the concrete structure. With drought being a reality in so many areas of the world even small losses of drinking or agricultural water have a meaningful impact.  When any kind of water storage container needs extensive repair it means disruption to the community through downtime and expense.

Cracks & Service Interruption

Just about every concrete structure cracks due to settling, curing, seismic activity, shrinkage, or a number of other factors.  When it comes to concrete water tanks any cracking can lead to leaks and contamination.  These are the two most common factors of having downtime in operations that rely on concrete water holding structures, like wastewater or cooling towers.

Crack Prevention

Preventing cracks is clearly a priority for all operations that include water storage.  Preventing cracks and leaks comes in various waterproofing forms.  Here are few of the options on the market today:

  • Installing a coating of liquid membrane by spraying or rolling which leaves a dry yet rubberized waterproof layer. The rubberized nature of these coatings helps the layer be flexible and compensate for cracks.
  • Layered felt and asphalt which are built up into layers which creates a physical waterproof barrier.
  • Membranes of self-adhering rubberized asphalt that make a barrier.
  • Integral crystalline waterproofing can also be used to fill the spaces between parties of concrete.
  • Cementitious waterproofing products brush applied to the concrete and can be mixed with optional additives which increase durability.
  • Installing a sodium bentonite layer on the outside of the tank will absorb water and expanding to fill in the voids and cracks. When it fully expands it remains in the cracks to avoid additional water intrusion.

Choosing a Tank Waterproofing Option

There are a lot of products and companies offering water tank coating, how do you choose the best option for your system?  These are some of the factors that you should consider as you make decisions for your property and water storage or containment.

System Safety

Choose waterproofing coatings which are safe for the environment and are non-toxic.  When the project involves storing drinking water is especially important to choose a system which will not deposit chemicals or debris into the water.

Cost Of The System

How much the system will cost in terms of raw materials and labor hours should be weighed against the lifespan expected from each product.  Waterproofing coatings which take longer to apply will generally be more costly.

Time To Install

When you are dealing with a complex construction project or you are planning downtime for a system that a building or community relies on you need to know how long it will take to install.  Physical barriers like rubber and felt are time intensive and will require longer install times that could mean increased interruption in service.

Waterproofing Life Span

Knowing the expected life span of the waterproofing solution should play into your decision making.  Some products are designed to be permanent solutions while others have a finite life span.  Other systems eventually dry out, crack, are easily damaged, and will eventually leak and cause contamination.  Weight out how long the solution will last against the cost and service interruption.

System Flexibility

Does the system have a required installation time?  Some systems must be installed either before, during, or after the concrete is poured to create the structure.  Some systems mean having to keep the area around the water tank clear so maintenance can be done on the exterior of the water storage tank.

Heat Compatibility

Some water containment systems require the ability to withstand heated water such as in cooling tower water basins.  The heat involved in cooling tower applications must considered when choosing an option for concrete waterproofing.

Chemical Resistance

Many water storage systems like wastewater, drinking water, or the water used in cooling towers carries with it chemicals that can deteriorate concrete.  Coatings must be used which can cope with the chemicals used to treat these different types of water.

Warranty or Guarantee

When you are weighing your options for which concrete water tank waterproofing contractor or product to use you should weight the warranties or guarantee. It’s important to choose tank maintenance companies and products that warranty their work and products.

Conclusion

Ultimately each installation is different as the operations, environment, age, and condition of every tank is different. Take the time to discuss your options for your local contractor for waterproofing concrete water tanks.  Have representatives come and assess the condition of the your water tank, recommend the best solution or solutions, and then choose the one that fits your needs best.  What is best will depend on how long the system should last, if and how disruptive downtime is to the community.